Why placebos are good – and why we’re all liars and thieves, to boot.

by Valerie M

I stumbled on a thought-provoking talk over at Ted.com, which was originally brought to my attention through this post.

One thing that struck me about this talk, called “Life Lessons from an Ad Man“ is the use of intangible value, otherwise known as placebo effects.

The use of placebos are common in medicine, where the subject goes through a sham procedure or takes a fake pill. Simply because the patient believes his condition will improve because of the medicine – he perceives the medicine as being very helpful – his condition actually improves.

This all speaks to the power of the mind.

Of course, this comes as a no-brainer because for the past few decades, psychologists and personal development leaders have been incessantly, I might add, preaching about how your life will not change unless you change the way you think and the way you perceive the world.

Rory Sutherland, the self-defined “ad man,” attempts to demonstrate the importance of marketing and its connection with human behavior. It’s quite humorous. You can watch the video here.

One of the many interesting things he said is this:

“Someone was actually suggesting that you can take [the perception] concept further, and actually produce placebo education. The point is that education doesn’t actually work by teaching you things. It actually works by giving you the impression that you’ve had a very good education, which gives you an insane sense of unwarranted self confidence, which then makes you very, very successful in later life. So, welcome to Oxford, ladies and gentlemen.

The point of placebo education is interesting. How many problems of life can be solved actually by tinkering with perception, rather than that tedious, hardworking and messy business of actually trying to change reality?”

Whether this is accurate or not (and I believe he is half joking), the point is – frankly – he’s got a point.

It’s not just about education. Another glaring example is in the pharmaceutical industry. You probably can’t perceive your cancer away. But what about things like depression? Or ADHD?

Depression and anxiety disorders are perception problems. We could argue until we’re blue in the face about which comes first: the hormonal imbalances or the thought processes? But does it matter? At the end of the day, what aggravates the problem further is how the person perceives themselves.

And ADHD … is it really an attention deficit? Could it simply be that the person is in the wrong place, doing the wrong things, and thinking the wrong thoughts as a result?

Are chiropractors and other naturopaths quacks? Does yoga really work, or are all those people nuts?  Is atheism wrong? Are religious people deluded?

Does it matter?

If all of those things are helping people get their desired results and a much better perception to boot – without hurting themselves and other people around them – does it really matter if the procedure is actually causing those results?

I don’t see why the critics should be pointing fingers since the traditional procedures and medicines they recommend are more dangerous by their own standards – with the plethora of unintended and unnecessary side effects.

I don’t see why certain religious people are judgmental about atheists … and vice versa. Maybe if we understand that different things fulfill individual needs, there would be a lot less proselytizing and suicide bombings and pointless diatribes about why X is better than Y … and more getting to the point. It’s far-fetched, maybe. But can’t a girl dream?

I could go on and on.

Oh, there is the problem of many people going out of business. So there is a lot of self-preservation (*ahem* manipulation, lobbying, what-have-you) going on. Ironically, these people are also playing the perceived value games themselves – they are just more subtle about it and hide behind their version of statistics and science.

But of course everyone is going to use their version of statistics and science or whatever. It’s playing the game and using it in a way that is deemed acceptable by society. Whoever does so, wins.

And sure, there is also the problem of a lack of uniform results – yoga has different effects on different people, whereas the results of Valium are much more uniform.

People are upset because naturopaths and advertising executives are perceived to masters of creating intangible value (whether intentionally or not), and thus they must be liars and thieves. Because most people do not understand, believe in, or value intangible value and the power of perception.

The thing is, the ad man and the naturopaths aren’t any better or worse than the professor, the politician, the scientist, your religious leader or even your own parents. We are all experts in intangible value and placebo effects. In our own words, we are the very people we despise: liars and thieves. We are all victims and suspects at the same time. Pawns and kings.

It’s okay when we use it on others – we just don’t like when we know it’s blatantly being used on us. Classic case of the pot calling the kettle black.

I ask, again, if something gets us our desired results – if we’re aware of what really matters – should we be offended at all?

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{ 2 comments… read them below or add one }

Mac August 9, 2010 at 1:36 pm

Lurking into skeptic forums, I find many people arguing/debating about things like the existence of god. They find it necessary to believe in the disbelief of something. “I believe that God doesn’t exist”. It serves no purpose, there are many more things to disbelieve in then to actually believe in.

I have come to the conclusion that, the examined life is a waste of time. rather the experienced life is what is worth living. As we progress through the next centuries more scientific discoveries will trump the hard lives work of the scientists before them and so on.

Placebo’s are used to test against an actual drug to see if it was as effective or less effective suggest the actual use of the drug or procedure. Rarely is a placebo used in medicine. The argument against homeopaths is that they have no evidence of their claims. They simply say it works, and no changes happen within the patient. I know because my parents have spent countless amount of money on these pathetic excuse for doctors who claim they can cure your disease and in the end nothing happens.

The argument your suggesting, as I understand it is that lying to people might convince them and they will change. But is there sufficient evidence of that, or is it just a theory that seems plausible. Because I have personally gone to many of these doctors, who told me of miracle cures that no MD could even suggest to me. Only to have nothing change, but the large amount of money spent (big amount). The very harm is in the fact that, if nothing changes the patient (me) feels that there is no way to cure that disease and end up giving up trying to do anything.

Only until, I realized this did I actually start doing something, I started walking daily and this has helped my condition a lot, with just a month of walking everyday for about 1-2 hours. I actually found out that my chiropractor told my parents I should walk an that would very much help me, this was year ago. It seems it’s easier to take a pill that will do nothing, then solve no problems then it is to find the strength to deal with it yourself. (It was ridiculesly hard for me to walk alone in a park, but I dealt with those issues, no pills required.)

I would suggest you do some research and present actual evidence before you bring about cures to depression and ADHD, bashing sciences and medicine is one thing, doing it without evidence is another but then to go out and say that depression could be cured with perception without providing the slight bit of evidence, is just irresponsible.

Mac :)

Valerie M: Hi, Mac. Thanks for your comment. You have given me a lot to think about in your first two paragraphs. I have never thought about the disbelief thing. I’ll have to let that sink in. I also agree with you that the experienced life is what’s worth living.

I am not exactly suggesting that people should deliberately lie to others, nor am I bashing science/medicine. I am not suggesting a cure for depression or ADHD either. I did not mean for it to come out that way. As far as ADHD and depression, I am questioning the causes of it – although questioning the causes can make you think about alternative ways to cure them.

I just find it ironic that people will slightly exaggerate (or maybe even outright lie about) causes and effects in order to sell themselves, a concept/idea, a product, or whatever – and yet get upset when others do it to them. Furthermore, while some of the causes and effects might be exaggerated or cannot be objectively proved (like saying meditation leads to enlightenment), some people might truly believe in those claims and feel like the effects actually ARE occurring – much like a placebo effect. My question is: Are these people still wrong, at least when it comes to their personal experiences? Your own experiences with your health does not make you wrong either, does it not?

Of course, I am not suggesting that you can pray or perceive cancer away – but even the best educated MD/scientist or the best “proof” is not infallible either. As you’ve also touched on.

As far as proof goes: What is “proof”? Does anyone know what it means anymore… especially with people twisting and exaggerating the results to suit their own agendas… especially when proof is so dynamic without people’s biases interfering?

I wonder (at the risk of sounding like some crazy fundamentalist): do you believe that scientific proof is always the end all, be all?

For the record, I do not take everything I write 100% seriously. This is just a form of “What Would Socrates Say?” ;)

Mac August 9, 2010 at 9:23 pm

@ Val

Sciences is for the limited thinkers. Those who care not to expand the perceived possibility of anything. Rather I believe in the possibility of anything because the unknown is unpredictable. I am only concerned with what is infront of me at the current time, that is what is worth investigation everything else is useless information that won’t help me move along and progress/evolve in life.

Valerie M: Fair enough, Mac. I admire your focus on the present and not letting all the “extra” information load you down. :)
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